Abstract:

Rice (Oryza sativa L.), a monocot model plant, is an important cereal crop in the world. The flowering time, inflorescence and floral organ morphological structure have significant influence on rice yield and quality. The research on the structure and development of floral organs is helpful to improve the grain yield and rice quality. The development and morphogenesis of floral organ is a vital process from vegetative growth to reproductive growth in rice. More and more biological researches focus on its developmental pattern and molecular mechanism. The glumes of rice spikelets are unique organs and consisted of lemmas, paleae, sterile lemmas and rudimentary glumes. The molecular mechanisms of the formation and origin of glumes keep poor understanding. Recently, further study of the glumes help to not only understand the rice spikelet and floral organ development, but also facilitate understanding of the regulatory network involved in rice spikelet and floral organ development. In this paper, we focus on the rice glume development and review the ABCDE model of floral organ specialization.

Key words: rice (Oryza sativa L.), palea and lemma, sterile lemma, rudimentary glume, ABCDE model

摘要：

水稻(Oryza sativa L.)是世界上重要的粮食作物,也是单子叶植物的模式植物。开花时间、花序和花器官的形态结构对其产量和品质均有重要影响。对花器官形态结构及发育机理的研究有助于提高水稻产量并改良其品质。花器官的形成和发育是水稻从营养生长转向生殖生长的重要过程,其发育模式和分子机理,一直是生物学研究的热点和焦点。水稻小穗的颖壳是禾本科特有的器官,主要包括内外稃、护颖和副护颖,关于其起源和形成的分子机制还知之甚少。近些年对颖壳的研究不断深入,不仅有助于深入认识水稻小穗或花器官的发育,而且能系统地了解水稻小穗或花器官发育的整个调控网络。本文主要介绍了水稻小穗颖壳发育的相关进展及植物花器官发育的ABCDE模型。

关键词: 水稻, 内外稃, 护颖, 副护颖, ABCDE模型